JOB ENRICHMENT
Job design of enrichment is created to expand job content in order to develop new opportunities for satisfaction of employees. Job enrichment is developed to make employees more satisfied with their job which would increase the productivity of the employees and the efficiency of the work done by employees. Job enrichment allows employees to evaluate themselves which is usually done by the supervisor so that workers can make changes in their job routine to make their job more satisfying and in order to gain greater personal success and organizational success.
Directions in Job Enrichment
Job enrichment is not necessarily good for everyone, the model developed by J. Richard Hackman states a way for managers to make the job more enriched for workers or to best fit the needs of the employees. As all employees have different needs, depending on the specific needs of the employees, it can be determined whether job enrichment is good for an employee or not.
The five core characteristics:
1. Skill variety: The degree to which different skills and talents that are required by the employees to get the work done
2. Task Identity: The degree to which the task needs to be completed properly, which involves doing the job from the very start to the end by having a vision for the task along the way.
3. Task Significance: The degree to which the task impacts the personal lives of the employees within the organization and the people outside the internal environment of the organization.
4. Autonomy: The degree to which the employees get to plan their schedule and the freedom to choose the right procedure or method to get the task done.
5. Feedback from the job itself: The degree to which the employee gets clear information on their performance in completing a particular task and feedback from the manager regarding their work.
Job satisfaction and performance are influenced by three factors:
1. Experienced meaningfulness of the work
2. Experienced responsibility for the outcomes of the work
3. Knowledge of actual results of the activities
Five core characteristics do not affect everyone in the same way. Another factor of job enrichment is growth need strength which is the degree an individual seeks psychological growth in his or her work.
Technology and Job Enrichment
Due to the technological changes, most tasks that were done by hand before, can be easily done on computers today which increases job enrichment as small tasks can be directly done on the computer rather than the employees having to do the task by hand.